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天晟茶艺师培训学校茶叶审评大师,茶王赛评委——李老师
  • 发表日期:2011-11-18 14:58:11
  • 浏览次数:5356212

 

 

李宗垣,出生于1942年12月,籍贯安溪县,现为安溪县茶叶质量评审组组长、高级工程师、高级评茶师、高级茶叶加工师、安溪铁观音集团总审评师。

 

李宗垣被誉为安溪茶界的实践型专家和最具权威性的评茶大师,用毕生的精力审评铁观音,成为安溪铁观音评审的领军人物,他致力于探究铁观音种植、制作方法,在2006年整理出版了《安溪铁观音制作与品评》一书,为铁观音产业建功立业。

总结铁观音300年制茶技艺

一见到李宗垣老师,三杯茶未了,他便拿起《安溪铁观音制作品评》一书,赠与我,我不胜感激。谈及此书,李宗垣老师颇为自豪。2006年初,他将我国300多年来的铁观音的种茶、制茶方法经验,以及他在工作实践中的实验结论写了出来,这也是对铁观音的历史和发展现状作了第一次全面的收集、积累、总结与提高。

事实上,早在1980年,李宗垣老师便开始在《福建茶叶》发表《铁观音看青做青技术》,谈及第一篇发表的文章,李老师记忆犹新,回忆道:“当时还没有电脑,全是手写稿,我在平时看青做青时,收集了不少采制技术,后又将稿件寄给安徽的陈椽老师,他将稿子化整为零,仔细修改,提出了很多宝贵的建议,几经改稿,终于成文。”

李宗垣在之后3年间连续陆续在全国及省级刊物上发表专业论文17篇,1985年还参加《中国名茶研究选集》的撰稿。问及如何能将制茶经验写成文章,如何达到从量变到质变的飞跃时,李宗垣说:“其实这要得利于在学校刻苦学习,对茶叶制作的基础知识牢固,将实践经验及时地总结、提高。当然,在平时采茶、制茶的过程中要留心,学习他人经验,不断充实自己。”

茶之道无止境

19628月,李宗垣,毕业于福安农业专科学校茶叶专业,之后分配到安溪的产茶区工作,在西坪、大坪等地,一干就是十八年,日复一日,年复一年地收购茶叶、制茶,他什么样的活都做过,挑水、扫地、做饭样样行。

在十多年的实践中,李宗垣善于摸索、总结制茶技术,在做青的过程中,要不断地观察、记录、分析茶青,杀青之后,也要细致地观察水分的变化。“如果只看青,而不亲手去做青,那永远也学不会,而且还要用心学,将学习应用到实践中。”李宗垣感慨道。为计算失水率,他每摇一次青要称一次重量,算出失水的重量与时间长短的关系,不厌其烦,持之以恒,终于在千百次的实践中得出重要结论。

回到县城以后,李宗垣先后在茶叶公司、茶委会、茶果局工作过,当过审评科长,安溪特种茶包装厂厂长,展现在他面前的是更广的天地,但活到老,学到老,李宗垣在教学中还在不断地学习。

1982年开始实行生产责任制后,很多生产队技术人员较为缺乏,茶农对如何种茶、制茶有着迫切需求,因此当李宗垣不辞劳苦地下各乡镇给农民讲课的时候,能感受到他们对学习的渴望。有一次在湖上乡沙堤镇讲课,出乎意料地一下子来了一百多个茶农,他们安静地席地而坐,李宗垣老师连续讲三个多小时,竟没一个站起来。而今,李老师到茶都时,常有不认识的中年茶农上前,嘘寒问暖,感谢昔日之恩。

专家评茶也争议

1996年,李宗垣老师参加广州的一次茶王赛的审评工作,当时有铁观音、本山、毛蟹、黄金桂等分门别类进行评比。铁观音是品评的重点,茶样逐渐分成两种不同风格的茶样。其一是传统的制茶方式,这类茶主要以西坪、祥华为主,受台湾茶叶制作方式的影响,以轻发酵为主。其二是混合方式的制茶方式,即拼配的茶。在最后决赛时,出现了意见分歧,有人说,传统的茶叶滋味好且浓厚,香气高,而支持混合型的人群认为,混合型有利于促进茶叶今后的发展,更重要的是有创新的意识。次日便是公布获奖结果的日期了,评委们争议了很久,最终确定传统型获胜,李宗垣老师一看手表,已经是凌晨两点钟。

1999年,清香型的出现是铁观音发展重要转折点,打破了很多铁观音的传统评定标准。清香型在做青时需采用空调做青,掌握茶叶的发酵波,控制烘焙温度,在打青、回青、消青、拖清等都有不同之处。随着社会进步而发展,消费者对茶叶口味的要求,要结合市场需求,清香型也如雨后春笋,逐渐成长壮大起来,新的审评标准也建立起来。如今的评茶更是一种物质享受和精神愉悦的生活艺术。

李宗垣认为,茶乃高尚之物,它不但是健康的饮品,而且需人们精心、高雅地品评,方能悟出其道,常以茶会友,不但有亲和力,更能体现随和、平心的一面。